A nephrologist is a doctor who specializes in kidney and renal diseases and illnesses e.g. kidney failure, kidney diseases etc. The term nephrosis a Greek word meaning kidney or renal and ologist refer to the person who studies hence nephrologists is derived from Greek, they are also known as kidney doctors in layman term. A nephrologists is educated in internal medicine and then undergoes more training in order to specialize in treating patients with kidney issues. Nephrologists are able to treat chronic kidney disease, kidney stones, high blood pressure and acute renal failure etc. Furthermore, they are educated on all aspects of kidney transplantation and dialysis.