Also known as Kidney Specialist ,ماہرامراض گردہ ,Kidney Doctor and Mahir-e-imraz-e-gurda
One of the coolest and down to earth doctors I have met and extremely intelligent
Nephrologist
M.B.B.S., M.D. (Nephrology)
Nephrology is a branch of internal medicine that focuses on the diseases of the kidneys. Therefore, the job of a nephrologist (گردے کا ڈاکٹر) is to diagnose, investigate and manage these diseases. A nephrologist specializes in the disorders that impact kidneys and other parts of the body. A primary care physician is knowledgeable enough to deal with the early disorders of the kidneys, however, for more severe illness, specialized care is appropriate, as provided by a nephrologist. Your primary healthcare provider will refer you to the care of a nephrologist if they think you need specialist advice.
Nephrologists (گردے کا ڈاکٹر) treat people of all ages with any kind of kidney dysfunction. Babies who are born with malformed kidneys, or any other congenital kidney disorders, are referred to pediatric nephrologists by general pediatricians immediately.
You should see a nephrologist (گردے کا ڈاکٹر) if your doctor suspects kidney disorders and there are symptoms like swelling in the legs or ankles. Kidneys are responsible for getting rid of toxic waste and water from the body in the form of urine. When there is dysfunction of the kidneys, this toxic waste builds up in the blood and causes fluid build-up, often referred to as edema. This fluid is mostly evident in the dependent regions like the legs, as well as around the eyes.
Kidney dysfunction also manifests as reduced urine output, dehydration, reduced sense of taste, nausea, memory problems, pain in the body, electrolyte imbalance causing muscle cramps and numbness. Patients of kidney disease may experience high blood pressure as well as headaches.
If you are experiencing any of the aforementioned symptoms, then you should see a nephrologist immediately.
Additionally, a primary care physician can refer patients with chronic diseases like diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension to a nephrologist, who can evaluate their kidneys as these diseases increase the future risk of kidney disorders.
A nephrologist (گردے کا ڈاکٹر) focuses on kidney disorders of a patient. They evaluate, diagnose, monitor, and manage patients of moderate-to-severe kidney diseases. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of kidney dysfunction of a patient. A nephrologist treats conditions that impact the kidneys directly or indirectly.
The common conditions that a nephrologist (گردے کا ڈاکٹر) treats include advanced & chronic kidney diseases, glomerular disorders, tubular diseases, drug-induced kidney damage, vascular diseases of the kidney like renal artery stenosis, nephrotic syndrome, acute & chronic kidney infections, vasculitic lesions, metabolic disorders like diabetes as well as the autoimmune disorders of the kidneys. Abnormal growths of the kidneys and cancers of the kidneys are also dealt with by nephrologists.
Nephrologists (گردے کا ڈاکٹر) evaluate kidneys, using the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), blood urea nitrogen levels (BUN) and the serum creatinine levels.
Nephrologists also work together with urologists, in cases of recurring infections of the kidneys, and urinary tract stones.
Studies show that the commonest kidney disorders in our regions are related to complications of chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension.
Uncontrolled diabetes causes damage to the kidneys due to persistently high blood sugar levels. This is known as diabetic nephropathy. Of the studied population, 28% suffered from diabetic nephropathy, while 22% from glomerulonephritis.
Just like diabetes, chronically high blood pressure damages the kidneys, and 14.6% of people suffered from hypertensive complications. 13.4% of people had tubulointerstitial nephritic diseases, and 8% had renal stone diseases. Adult polycystic kidney diseases are less common with a prevalence of 1.4%, while other unknown causes are responsible for 2% of cases.
In Pakistan, more than 20,000 people die annually due to kidney diseases. Our region lies eighth in kidney disorders. The reason why chronic kidney diseases (CKD) are rising exponentially in our country could be due to poor quality of life, use of excessive medication, self-medication as well as intake of poor-quality water.
Following the five years of graduation in medicine and surgery (MBBS), and the mandatory house-job, nephrologists (گردے کا ڈاکٹر) enroll in a four-year residency program in nephrology, where they also have rotations in general medicine. This can be followed by further training in fellowship programs and post-graduation. Continual practice and medical education credits are important for a nephrologist.
Nephrologists (گردے کا ڈاکٹر) can choose to specialize in a narrower field through additional training and research. Nephrology subspecialties include:
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A nephrologist (گردے کا ڈاکٹر) works to diagnose kidney disorders after performing a complete physical exam, taking the medical & surgical history, family history, drug history, and then running some investigations. In general, a nephrologist orders lab tests like complete urine culture & exam, CT scan, ultrasound, and kidney biopsy.
Urine culture is used to test the level of protein, glucose, minerals, or other waste products in the urine. This test gives information about the inflammation in the kidneys and also tells about the amount of blood in the urine. Ultrasound is an imaging technique that uses sound waves to generate a picture of the organs, giving an idea about any obstruction or masses in the kidneys.
CT scan uses x-rays for forming pictures of the kidneys, which are much more detailed than ultrasound, and helps diagnose obstruction due to tumors, stones or any other cause. Lastly, biopsy procedures are used to obtain a tissue sample of the organ, for a more detailed analysis of the organ. Biopsy samples are obtained with needles and are usually ultrasound or CT-guided.
The investigations and the medical history help a nephrologist diagnose what is wrong with the kidneys, and then formulate a treatment plan accordingly.
Finding a good doctor is vital for proper diagnosis & treatment of your underlying concern. Before you make the decision of picking out a Nephrologist, consider the following: