Who is a pulmonologist?
Pulmonologists (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) are medical specialists who deal with the disorders of the lungs, other organs of the respiratory tract and the chest.
The respiratory tract starts from the nose to the larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and air sacs. It is responsible for the inhalation of oxygen and the exchange of gases at the level of small air sacs in the lungs. This oxygen is then carried by the blood to the organs of the body for nourishment and energy.
Any disorder which impacts the respiratory tract impedes the delivery of oxygen and the patient feels breathless and lethargic.
پلمونالوجسٹ (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) کون ہوتا ہے؟
ایک طبی ماہر جو سانس کی نالی اور سینے کے عوارض سے نمٹتا ہے اسے پلمونالوجسٹ (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) کہا جاتا ہے۔ ۔سانس کی نالی ناک سے شروع ہوکر، گلے، ٹریکیا، برونکی، پھیپھڑوں اور ہوا کی تھیلیوں تک ہوتی ہے۔ سانس کی نالی آکسیجن کے سانس لینے اور پھیپھڑوں میں چھوٹی ہوا کی تھیلیوں کی سطح پر گیس کے تبادلے کی ذمہ دار ہے۔ اس کے بعد یہ آکسیجن خون کے ذریعے غذائیت اور توانائی کے لئے جسم کے اعضاء تک لےکر جائی جاتی ہے۔ سانس کی نالی پر اثر انداز ہونے والا کوئی بھی عارضہ آکسیجن کی ترسیل میں رکاوٹ پیدا کرتا ہے اور مریض کو سانس لینے میں دشواری ہوتی ہے اور وہ سست محسوس کرتا ہے۔
What is pulmonology?
Pulmonology is the area of medicine that deals will the diagnosis, treatment, and management of diseases and illnesses of the respiratory system which includes the lungs and other organs that help us breathe.
Doctors who specialize in pulmonology are called pulmonologists or chest specialists.
When should you see a pulmonologist?
Your primary care provider can refer you to a chest specialist if your symptoms like cough and shortness of breath aggravate or persist beyond three weeks.
Additionally, you should consult the best pulmonologist in Fauji Foundation Hospital (Rawalpindi) if you experience chest tightness or chest pain, difficulty in breathing especially with wheeze, recurring bronchitis, uncontrolled and persistent cough, dizziness, fatigue, unexplained weight loss along with symptoms of chest infection & uncontrolled asthma.
Patients who have a history of exposure to a covid patient, or who are covid positive should seek the help of a chest specialist in Fauji Foundation Hospital (Rawalpindi) if their symptoms worsen or if their oxygen saturation drops.
Pulmonologists (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) will run their investigations, most common of which is a chest x-ray to find the severity of disease and then manage it accordingly.
آپ کو ایک پلمونالوجسٹ سے کب ملنا چاہئے؟
اگر آپ کی کھانسی اور سانس کی تکلیف جیسی علامات تین ہفتوں سے زیادہ بڑھ جاتی ہیں یا برقرار رہتی ہیں تو آپ کا بنیادی نگہداشت فراہم کنندہ آپ کو کسی ماہر کے پاس بھیج سکتا ہے۔ مزید برآں، اگر آپ کو سینے میں تنگی یا سینے میں درد، سانس لینے میں دشواری خاص طور پر گھرگھراہٹ، بار بار برونکائٹس، بے قابو اور مستقل کھانسی، چکر آنا، تھکاوٹ، سینے میں انفیکشن اور بے قابو دمہ کی علامات کے ساتھ وزن میں غیر واضح کمی کا سامنا کرنا پڑتا ہے تو آپ کو پھیپھڑوں کے ماہرسے ملنا چاہئے۔
جن مریضوں کی کوویڈ کے مریض سے ملنے کی ہسٹری ہے، یا جو کوویڈ مثبت ہیں انہیں پھیپھڑوں کے ماہر کی مدد لینی چاہئے اگر ان کی علامات خراب ہوجاتی ہیں یا اگر ان کی آکسیجن سیچریشن گر جاتی ہے۔
پلمونالوجسٹ (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) اپنی تحقیقات چلائیں گے جن میں سب سے عام بیماری کی شدت تلاش کرنے اور پھر اس کے مطابق اس کا انتظام کرنے کے لئے سینے کا ایکسرے ہے۔
What are the main areas of concern of a pulmonologist?
Pulmonologists are concerned with the whole respiratory tract, from the nose to the lungs. However, primarily they deal with the disorders of the bronchi and the lungs. Their expertise is in the infectious, inflammatory, structural, neoplastic and autoimmune disorders of the lungs.
Common disorders that pulmonologists (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) deal with include inflammatory diseases like asthma, which cause breathing difficulty due to persistent inflammation in the airway.
Management options of asthma include oral & inhalation medication, and hospitalization in severe cases. Other diseases which are the main concern of a pulmonologist or lungs specialist include interstitial lung diseases (ILD), characterized by lung damage due to scarring and fibrosis.
Pulmonologists also deal with hospitalized patients who experience complications of other medical disorders, for instance, stroke patients who suffer from aspirational pneumonia.
Moreover, pulmonologists deal with chronic obstructive respiratory diseases (COPD) that often plague smokers due to lung damage including emphysema. Patients of emphysema often need supplemental oxygen and their care is overseen by a pulmonary specialist.
Smoking can cause irreversible damage to the lungs, and smokers should work with pulmonologists to at least get regular check-ups if not give up smoking.
Pulmonologists (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) also deal with lung cancers and the complications of inhaling hazardous materials like silicone, asbestos, carbon and smoke. People who work in the plumbing and shipping industry often suffer from chronic diseases of the lungs due to inhalation of such hazardous materials and working without proper equipment.
Acute and chronic infections of the lungs—bacterial, viral, and fungal are also managed by pulmonologists. Of these the most persistent in our part of the world is the bacterial infection tuberculosis (TB).
What are the most common lung disorders in Fauji Foundation Hospital (Rawalpindi) ?
Research data suggests that our population is still battling the infectious disease of the lungs which is eradicated from the rest of the world—namely tuberculosis. TB patients (29.66%) are the most common patients in the outpatient department of pulmonology, followed closely by asthma patients (28.08%). The patient percentage of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) is at 11.31%.
These pulmonary disorders are found more prevalent in the male population, especially from the lower socio-economic strata. The age group that is most affected ranges from 51 to 60 years old.
How to become a pulmonologist in Pakistan?
Following the five years of graduation in medicine and surgery (MBBS), and the mandatory house-job, pulmonologists (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) enroll in a four-year residency program in pulmonology, where they also have rotations in general medicine.
This can be followed by further training in fellow-ship programs and post-graduation. Continual practice and medical education credits are important for a pulmonologist.
ایک پلمونالوجسٹ (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) کیسے بنا جا سکتا ہے؟
میڈیسن اینڈ سرجری (ایم بی بی ایس) میں گریجویشن کے پانچ سال بعد، اور لازمی ہاؤس جاب کے بعد، پلمونولوجسٹ (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) پلمونولوجی میں چار سالہ رہائشی پروگرام میں داخلہ لیتے ہیں، جہاں ان کے پاس عام طب میں گردش بھی ہوتی ہے۔ اس کے بعد فیلو شپ پروگراموں اور پوسٹ گریجویشن میں مزید تربیت حاصل کی جاسکتی ہے۔پلمونالوجسٹ کے لئے مسلسل مشق اور طبی تعلیم کے کریڈٹ اہم ہیں۔
What kinds of pulmonologists are there?
Pulmonologists (پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر) can choose subspecialties if they wish, which include:
- Interstitial lung diseases: pulmonologists can choose to specialize in ILD and treat these chronic patients.
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD): is another chronic disease in which pulmonologists can choose to specialize. This disorder often presents as a complication of smoking.
- Sleep disorders: sleep apnea is also dealt with the best pulmonologist in Fauji Foundation Hospital (Rawalpindi). Such patients often snore and have breathing difficulties as well as long-term complications. Sleep studies are needed to diagnose such patients.
- Lung transplantation: such specialists don’t perform the surgery but work with surgeons to manage the patients before and after surgery. Lung transplant is the ultimate option for chronic patients of cancer, COPD or ILD.
- Interventional pulmonologist: Interventional pulmonology uses endoscopy and other tools to diagnose and treat conditions in the lungs and chest. These procedures may be offered by pulmonologists (lung specialists) who have undergone extra training.
What are pulmonologists called in Pakistan?
- Chest specialist
- Pulmonary specialist
- Chest doctor
- Lung doctor
- Lung specialist
- پھیپھڑوں کا ڈاکٹر
- پھیپھڑوں کا ماہر
- سینے کا ماہر
- پلمونولوجسٹ
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